Replacement of an existing piping system

Modified header layout

Background When process plants have been in service for a long time or approach their end of life the engineering challenges take a different form. It is more complex than laying out a new plant in a greenfield situation. This article discusses some important observations of a project the author had been closely associated with … Read more

Determining SIF of Non-Standard Fitting

Lateral tee with crotch plate

Background Some instances in piping stress engineering we come across fittings not defined in ASME B 31.3, due to their sheer size and/or the diameter to thickness (D/t) ratio. Without understanding the stress intensification factors (SIFs) of fittings, flexibility analysis becomes impossible. This discussion is about how a challenge for the determination of SIFs of … Read more